Supplements and Quality - When Brand/Source Matters and When It Doesn't
Here's another group project that I discussed with @Anthony Castore and we agreed having the group work on this together would allow us to receive the best input and put together the best reference list for us all to use. Because the supplement industry is both noisy and inconsistent the distinction between quality/efficacious supplements/compounds and those that are not is often times a very difficult task: some compounds are a commodity-like (creatine monohydrate, bulk amino acids), where purity is relatively easy to achieve and there’s little advantage paying extra for a “designer” label. Other categories — especially lipids (fish oil), fat-soluble antioxidants (CoQ10, carotenoids), or bioactives with low natural stability (PQQ, Urolithin A) — live or die by formulation, raw material source, and quality control. A couple principles that might help as we consider our list: 1. Is it chemically simple or complex? Creatine: single molecule, stable, easy to verify → brand doesn’t matter much if third-party tested. Fish oil, plasmalogens, 1-MNA: unstable lipids or niche molecules → form (TG vs EE vs PC-bound) and oxidation state matter a lot. 2. Does delivery change absorption? Ubiquinol vs Ubiquinone: redox state and carrier lipids improve bioavailability. Liposomal formulations can genuinely help poorly absorbed compounds, but not everything benefits. 3. Is there independent validation? Many of the “designer” claims for things like PQQ, Apigenin, Urolithin A aren’t well-backed by head-to-head human data. In these cases, the real differentiator is whether the company does third-party testing for purity, heavy metals, and stability. 4. Follow the raw material suppliers. Most of the industry is built on the same raw material suppliers (for example, Kaneka for CoQ10, Mitopure for Urolithin A). If a product sources from a top supplier, you’re usually getting the same active regardless of label. The “Amazon brands” like Nutricost or Toniiq can be perfectly fine when they disclose sourcing and batch testing.