This is one of the most common mistakes I see, and it's easy to fix once you know what to look for.
Too Wet:
- Grains look shiny or glossy on the surface
- - Water pools at the bottom of the jar/bag after sterilization
- - Bacterial contamination (sour smell, slimy grain) within days
- - Grains clump together and won't shake apart
Too Dry:
- Grains look chalky or matte
- - Mycelium stalls partway through colonization
- - Grains crack or split when you squeeze them
- - Colonization takes 2-3x longer than expected
The Sweet Spot:
- Grains should feel firm but not hard
- - A grain should crack open when pressed, showing a moist (not wet) interior
- - No visible surface moisture after draining
- - After sterilization, grains should shake freely without clumping
My method: Soak rye grain for 12-18 hours, bring to a simmer for 15 minutes (not a full boil), drain and spread on a screen for 15-20 minutes until the surface moisture evaporates. Dry to the touch but heavy with internal moisture.
If you're consistently getting contamination, check your grain moisture before blaming your sterile technique. 9 times out of 10 it's the grain prep.