From me: Pretty impressive AI. As I've been researching the last few months I find that I am surprised that more progress has not been made with IBD research. As we understand the biology ie a lot of chat innate immunity and these neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Well anyway this is what it gave me. "Recent advancements in the understanding and management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) have emerged over the past three years, highlighting significant developments in epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment strategies, and the role of the gut microbiome. One of the notable findings is the increasing global prevalence of pediatric-onset IBD, as reported by Kuenzig et al. (Kuenzig et al., 2022). Their systematic review indicates that the incidence of pediatric IBD has been rising, particularly in regions previously considered low-risk. This trend underscores the need for enhanced awareness and early diagnosis, as delayed diagnosis can lead to severe complications, including strictures and dysplasia (Jayasooriya et al., 2023). Furthermore, the role of environmental factors, such as diet and microbiota composition, has been emphasized as critical in the pathogenesis of IBD (Lee et al., 2024; Shan et al., 2022). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IBD have also been elucidated, with recent studies focusing on the innate immune system's role. Saéz et al. Saéz et al. (2023) discuss how dysregulation of the immune response, particularly involving neutrophils and macrophages, contributes to intestinal inflammation. Kiilerich et al. Kiilerich et al. (2025) further elaborate on the therapeutic potential of targeting these immune pathways, suggesting that inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may provide new avenues for treatment. This aligns with findings by Stankey et al. (Stankey et al., 2024), which highlight the importance of macrophage inflammation in IBD, suggesting that targeting specific molecular pathways could lead to novel therapeutic strategies. The gut microbiome's involvement in IBD has garnered significant attention, with studies indicating that dysbiosis—characterized by an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae—plays a crucial role in disease exacerbation (Baldelli et al., 2021; Gyriki et al., 2024). Recent research has also explored the potential of microbiome-based diagnostics and interventions, suggesting that restoring microbial balance may be beneficial for IBD patients (Shan et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2022). This is supported by findings from Zhang et al. (Zhang, 2024), which highlight the integration of microbiome research into IBD management, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment approaches. In terms of treatment, the landscape for IBD management is evolving with the introduction of innovative therapies. Recent studies have shown promising results for combining biologics with small-molecule drugs to enhance treatment efficacy (Yeshi et al., 2024). Additionally, advancements in drug delivery systems that target gut inflammation directly are being explored to minimize systemic side effects (Kiilerich et al., 2025). The potential for using intestinal stem cell organoids in therapeutic applications also represents a novel approach that could improve patient outcomes (Gallicchio, 2024). Moreover, the intersection of IBD with other health aspects, such as mental health and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, has been recognized as an important area of study (Zhang, 2024). This holistic approach to patient care is essential for improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from IBD. In conclusion, the last three years have seen significant progress in understanding IBD, with advancements in epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment strategies, and the role of the gut microbiome. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the disease but also pave the way for more effective and personalized treatment options for patients.