Three asymmetric pinches — this internal geometry creates a valveless fluidic diode
that doubles your exhale resistance through passive fluid dynamics alone.
The internal channel utilizes three specific throats, each with a diameter of roughly 2.6 mm. These throats are shaped as smooth nozzles on the intake side but feature an abrupt step on the exit side.
When you inhale, the air passes through a series of smooth contractions and diffusers that allow for nearly effortless flow. Reversing the flow during exhalation forces the air to encounter sudden expansions at each throat.
This sudden geometry change triggers Borda–Carnot expansion loss, generating controlled turbulence within the channel. The resulting backpressure creates a 2:1 exhale-to-inhale resistance ratio without the need for moving parts or electronics.
This mechanical resistance naturally extends the duration of the breath, guiding the user into a rhythm of four-second inhales and six-second exhales. This specific cadence slows the overall respiratory rate to approximately four to six breaths per minute.
Slowing the breath to this frequency engages respiratory sinus arrhythmia and strengthens the baroreflex. These shifts move the system toward parasympathetic dominance, often resulting in a measurable decrease in shoulder and facial tension within ninety seconds.
The 3D-printed design offers a passive way to retrain baseline breathing through three daily sessions of two to five minutes each. Maintenance is handled simply by rinsing the internal channel with warm water to clear the airway.
A precise application of fluid mechanics for biological regulation.