When it comes to athletic success in combat sports, there is a crucial, yet often overlooked, component. According to the American College of Sports Medicine, it's crucial to start your hydration process several hours before training - especially if you're preparing for a session longer than 60 minutes or in a hot environment. Aim for 5-10ml of fluid per kilogram of bodyweight in the 2-4 hours leading up to the training session. So a 100kg athlete should drink 500-1000ml. Adding salt to your fluids and foods before training can help with fluid retention. When it comes to hydration during your training, it's important to note that sweat loss is highly individualised. To determine your personal hydration needs, you should calculate your hourly sweat rate by following these steps. Weigh yourself immediately before and after your training. Keep track of your fluid intake during the session. Subtract your post-training weight from your pre-training weight, then add the liters of fluid consumed during the session. Divide this number by the duration of your training session in hours to obtain your hourly sweat rate. This will provide a more personalized guideline for your fluid intake during training. Even after you've finished exercising, your body continues to lose fluids through sweat and urine. This means that to effectively rehydrate, you need to consume more fluid than you've lost. For every kilogram of bodyweight lost through sweat, you should consume 1.25-1.5 liters of fluid. But sweat isn't just water leaving your body. It's a cocktail of vital elements. Sodium is the main component, but the amounts can vary. Sweat also contains smaller but equally important amounts of potassium, calcium and magnesium. This is why simply replacing water isn't enough during intense training - you also need to replenish these crucial electrolytes. The average sodium concentration in sweat is roughly 1 gram per liter - however, this can vary widely between athletes. If you notice that your sweat leaves white marks on your skin and clothing, this number may be higher for you.