Copyright Lawsuit Update: Breaking - Tracy Wolff's CRAVE Found Non-Infringing
If, like me, you've been following the copyright infringement case filed against the author and publisher of the CRAVE young adult fantasy series, then we've finally got a decision to talk about. This week (March 16, 2026), a federal court granted summary judgment in favor of Tracy Wolff and Entangled Publishing on the issue of "substantial similarity" in the copyright infringement lawsuit filed by Lynne Freeman alleging infringement of her BLUE MOON RISING unpublished novel by the CRAVE series. Prior to the release of book one in the CRAVE series, Freeman's agent pitched her manuscript to an editor at Entangled Publishing (Wolff's publisher), but the publisher passed. Freeman and Wolff also apparently had the same agent at the time. Freeman's lawsuit alleges that the agent, the editor, and Entangled's CEO were "very involved" in the writing of CRAVE. In essence, claiming Wolff had access to Freeman's unpublished novel and that Wolff's final book infringed Freeman's original, copyrighted manuscript. ✨WHAT DOES THE COURT'S DECISION MEAN?✨ As I teach in my intellectual property workshops, copyright protects only an author’s *expression* of an idea, not the idea itself. So the copyright concept of "substantial similarity" requires that a *protectable* element of a work be copied and the copying be more than "de minimis" (or minimal). After reviewing all of Freeman's drafts and all the books in the CRAVE series, the judge found the foundational story aspects—like a young girl discovering her supernatural powers, falling in love with a paranormal hunky guy, and fighting demonic forces—to be uncopyrightable because they were merely tropes or themes. Similarly, setting a novel in Alaska or at a high school (or at an Alaskan high school) is not protected by copyright. Freeman does have the opportunity to appeal the ruling. We'll see if she does. In the meantime, if you're interested in reading the full judge's decision and order, complete with addendums (157 pages total), I've attached it here. I'll be digging into the minutiae of this over the weekend.