Especially for @Melinda Waddell... After a constitutional standoff, two rounds of parliamentary votes, and a decade of mounting pressure, the new Nationality Law is signed. Here's everything that's changed. (Based on a Portugal Talk Radio podcast · 31 May 2026 · 8 min read) Portugal has just rewritten the rules on who can become Portuguese. After months of political debate, a constitutional standoff, and two separate trips through parliament, President António José Seguro signed the country's new Nationality Law on the third of May this year. For tens of thousands of residents, investors, and descendants of Portuguese emigrants around the world, the question is simple: what does this mean for me? At a glance — key facts - Signed into law: 3 May 2026 President Seguro - Parliamentary vote: 1 April 2026, 152 to 64 - Residency (non-EU/non-CPLP): 10 years (was 5) - Residency (EU & CPLP nationals): 7 years (was 3–5) - In force: 19 May 2026 - published in the Diário da República 18 May 2026 - Sephardic route: Permanently closed from 4 May 2026 *The roots of the reform* Portuguese nationality law has its roots in 'Lei 37/81' - a law that has been updated several times over the decades. But the pace of change accelerated sharply in 2025, when the newly elected government, which took office in June of that year, moved quickly to overhaul the rules. The pitch was this: Portugal needed stricter, clearer conditions for citizenship - longer waiting periods, proper language testing, and tighter checks on criminal records. The government argued Portugal's rules were among the most permissive in Europe and had, in some cases, been abused. Portugal's rules were among the most permissive in Europe. The government argued they had, in some cases, been systematically abused. *A law built in three acts* What followed was anything but straightforward. Parliament approved the first version of the reform in July 2025. But in August, the Constitutional Court stepped in - striking down several provisions as unconstitutional. Judges found that rules restricting family reunification violated the constitutional right to family unity. The President sent the law back to parliament.