The roof bid comes in at $420,000. Your reserve account holds $150,000. You have a $270,000 gap and a contractor who needs an answer. Most boards default to a special assessment because it is the option they have heard of. But in a 30-unit building, that is roughly $9,000 per unit due inside 60 to 90 days, allocated by beneficial interest. Some owners write the check. Some open a HELOC. Some quietly stop paying their monthly dues to cover it - which is how a capital project turns into a delinquency problem, and how a delinquency problem turns into a financing problem for every owner in the building. The second option is an association loan. Massachusetts banks do lend to condominium associations, secured not by the building but by an assignment of the association's right to levy and collect assessments. Lenders generally want a board vote authorizing the loan (check your bylaws first - some documents require an owner vote), a signed contract and scope of work, clean delinquency numbers, and reserve and budget history. Run the same $270,000 both ways for a 30-unit building: Special assessment: about $9,000 per unit, due in 60 to 90 days. No interest cost. Maximum pressure on owners. Ten-year association loan: at rates in the range associations have recently seen, total debt service lands somewhere near $37,000 to $39,000 a year, which is roughly $105 to $115 per unit per month for ten years. Total interest over the life of the loan works out to roughly $3,500 per unit. Get an actual quote - rates move, and terms of 5, 10, and 15 years price very differently. Hybrid: adopt the assessment, then give owners a prepayment window - typically 30 to 60 days - to pay their share in full. Whatever is not prepaid gets financed, and only those owners carry the loan portion in their monthly assessment. Owners with cash avoid interest, owners without cash avoid a crisis, and the board gets its roof either way. This is the structure most boards land on once they see the numbers side by side.