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⚠️!!SPOILERS IN COMMENTS!!⚠️
⚠️!!SPOILERS IN COMMENTS!!⚠️
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Modular exponentiation is an operation that is used extensively in cryptography and is normally written like: 210mod 17210mod17
You can think of this as raising some number to a certain power (210=1024210=1024), and then taking the remainder of the division by some other number (1024mod 17=41024mod17=4). In Python there's a built-in operator for performing this operation: pow(base, exponent, modulus).
In RSA, modular exponentiation, together with the problem of prime factorisation, helps us to build a "trapdoor function". This is a function that is easy to compute in one direction, but hard to do in reverse unless you have the right information. It allows us to encrypt a message, and only the person with the key can perform the inverse operation to decrypt it. To grab the flag, find the solution to 10117mod 2266310117mod22663
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Goodluck.
~ aScriptKiddie