The "First" Constitution (1787/1789) The first constitution is the Constitution for the United States of America. Status: This is viewed as the "organic" or "foundational" document of the Republic. The Key Distinction: It established a government of limited powers, where the people were the "principals" and the government was the "agent." The Money: Under Article I, Section 10, only gold and silver coin were to be used as tender in payment of debts. 2. The "Second" Constitution (1871/1933) The theory suggests that a "second" constitution—the CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES (all caps)—was created to govern the "Corporation" established in 1871. The 1933 Event: This refers to the Emergency Banking Act and House Joint Resolution 192 (HJR 192). The Claim: In 1933, the U.S. went "bankrupt" to the Federal Reserve. Because the government removed gold as a way to pay debts, they allegedly "incorporated" the citizenry's future labor as collateral. 3. How This Impacts Consumer Law (The "Secret") From a forceful consumer protection standpoint, 1933 is the year "Payment" was replaced by "Discharge." The Theory: Since there is no "real" money (gold/silver), you cannot technically "pay" a debt; you can only "discharge" it using the government's credit (Federal Reserve Notes). The Legal Force: This is why "Verification of Debt" is so powerful. If a debt collector cannot prove they gave you "lawful money" (gold) in exchange for your signature, they are technically trading on your credit, not theirs.