Gastritis👉 Inflamed stomach lining - Cause: NSAIDs, alcohol, stress, H. pylori - Pain: burning/gnawing in the epigastric area - Key idea: inflammation, not a hole GERD👉 Acid going the wrong way (stomach → esophagus) - Cause: weak LES - Symptoms: heartburn, regurgitation, worse after meals or lying down - Key idea: reflux, not stomach damage Peptic Ulcer👉 Actual erosion (hole) in stomach or duodenum - Cause: H. pylori or NSAIDs - Pain: sharp/burning, may improve or worsen with food - Danger: bleeding or perforation Quick rule to remember - Inflammation → Gastritis - Backflow → GERD - Hole → Ulcer

In this video, we break down gastrointestinal bleeding in a clear, easy-to-understand way. You’ll learn how to differentiate upper GI bleeding from lower GI bleeding, why the Ligament of Treitz matters, and how symptoms like hematemesis, melena, and hematochezia help identify the source of bleeding.