1️⃣ t-Test Use when comparing 2 groups only. Formula to remember: 👉 2 Groups = t-Test Example: Does therapist gender affect client self-esteem? Groups: - Male therapist - Female therapist Dependent Variable: - Client self-esteem ⚠️ Exam Tip Statistical significance does NOT always mean practical importance. 2️⃣One-Way ANOVA Use when comparing 3 or more groups. Formula to remember: 👉 3+ Groups = ANOVA Example: Therapist training level Groups: - LPC (Master’s) - LSW (Master’s) - PhD Psychologist Dependent Variable: - Client self-esteem Result gives an F score. 3️⃣ Factorial ANOVA Use when you have 2 or more independent variables. Formula to remember: 👉 2+ IVs = Factorial ANOVA Example: Independent Variables - Therapist gender (2) - Therapist training (3) Dependent Variable - Client self-esteem This is called a 2 × 3 design. Factorial ANOVA checks: - Gender effect - Training effect - Interaction effect 4️⃣ MANOVA Use when you have multiple dependent variables. Formula to remember: 👉 2+ DVs = MANOVA Example: Dependent Variables - Self-esteem - Locus of control Independent Variables - Therapist gender - Therapist training 5️⃣ ANCOVA Use when you need to control for pre-existing differences. Formula to remember: 👉 Control a variable = ANCOVA Example: Women clients start therapy with higher self-esteem scores. Researchers adjust scores statistically before comparing groups. The variable being controlled = Covariate. ⭐ SUPER EASY MEMORY CHART (FOR EXAMS) Test When to Use t-Test Compare 2 groups One-Way ANOVA Compare 3+ groups Factorial ANOVA 2+ independent variables MANOVA 2+ dependent variables ANCOVA Control a variable 🎯 EASY MNEMONIC “Two, Three, Factors, Many, Control” 2 → t-test 3+ → ANOVA Factors → Factorial ANOVA Many outcomes → MANOVA Control variable → ANCOVA

I will have a procedure at the hospital tomorrow. See everyone next Wednesday. I’ll be in bed rest for a few days.

Andrea!!!!!!!! She passed with 102 on the board!!! 3 in a row — TIC TAC TOE style! Who’s claiming next?? 👀 3 down… 97 to go!!! We are not stopping until everybody PASSES. #PassingDay #NCEPrep #MsMekaMoves #3InARow

Grateful for an incredible tutoring class tonight with Dr. Meka! I’m feeling more confident and encouraged about my skills as I continue preparing for the NCE (National Counselor Examination). Thank you for your dedication, guidance, and support—it truly makes a difference!