Hey @Sara McDonald! Thanks so much for your question ✨ The most important aspect of transcribing a melody or even chord progression, is to be able to identify the tonic; the generating tone of the scale. This can be done either logically through a deductive process, or it can be felt. Sometimes it is even a combination of both... however once the tonic is isolated, simultaneously you will be oriented to where you are and then you will understand what the deal is with all the other notes relative to it. Are you able to identify a tonic? Every time, sometimes or not at all? It is helpful to think that music is always (not literally) made up of either a major or a minor scale: Major - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Minor - 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 So, now imagine that you have isolated the tonic, and you hear a major third relative to it. Well, there is only one option so you are in a major scale. The same logic would be true if a melody went something like C > Eb > Bb These notes expressed as intervals would be the 1 - b3 - b7 relatively and these notes appear withing the minor scale. Now you may be wondering, couldn't those notes by a "fragment" of some other scale, and yes they could be, but you can always be sure to the degree that you are familiar with the tonic, and can identify and know the tonic. Then you instantly know where you are. So when you are working on transcriptions, focus on identifying the tonic in the melody and see how that goes. Feel free to reach out in this thread if anything isn't clear! 🐒