Naming something directly today. This is a conversation the real estate community avoids. 🔑 I had a deal recently that illustrates this perfectly. The current owner bought a property. Never reinvested in it. No roof work. No water heater replacement. Foundation issues left unaddressed. Deferred maintenance compounding for years. But rents went up — because Milwaukee has low rental supply and rents rise regardless of condition right now. And because rents went up, they believed the property was worth more. When they put it on the market, they priced it on the income. Not on the condition. Not on what it will actually cost the next owner to make this property right. Here is the distinction this community needs to carry: Rent growth driven by supply constraints is a market condition — not a property improvement. In a tight market like Milwaukee right now, tenants pay more because they have to — not because the quality of the housing has improved. The owner who captures that rent increase without reinvesting is collecting a market gift while deferring the actual cost of ownership onto the next buyer and onto the current tenant. When you go to underwrite a property like this — the rent looks strong, the NOI looks reasonable, and the price might seem defensible on income alone. That is the trap. The Beast Council Framework catches this: Run the DSCR at the new loan amount after accounting for capital expenditures. Build the deferred maintenance into the MAO — not as a wish, as a line item. The Rock Protocol asks: does this deal still clear the thresholds after the real costs are in? If not — that is Sand regardless of what the current rent says. And on the human side of this: The absentee landlord who raises rent on a property they have not maintained is the reason the public conversation about landlords is hostile. When community members, city officials, and tenant advocates talk about bad landlords — this is the operator they are describing. Not the investor who buys a problem property, improves it, and manages it to a standard that reflects the rent they charge.