How does your sleep pattern put your cardiovascular system at risk? Evening types are 79% more likely to have poor overall heart disease compared to morning types. Research indicates night owls often have poorer metabolic function, lower fat burning, and a 16% higher risk of stroke or heart attack. Studies from Rutgers University published in Experimental Physiology show that night owls have a reduced ability to use fat for energy, causing fat to build up, increasing risks for Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A 2026 study in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that people whose internal body clock doesn't match the natural light cycle (e.g., staying up late) have poorer diets, sleep less, smoke more, and exercise less, all of which are strong risk factors for heart disease. Why Early Birds Often Have Better Health: Early birds tend to use fat as an energy source more efficiently. They often have better aerobic fitness and are more active during the day. Early birds are associated with better cognitive function and lower depression rates. Reference: Night Owl or an Early Bird?

Complete: - I have been studying ______ two hours. - I have been living here ______ 2021. - I have been working ______ this morning. - I have been waiting ______ 20 minutes. Use: → have been + -ing + for / since

Talk about: 1. A goal you have 2. What you have to do 3. What you don't have to do / can't do Must include: ✓ have to / must ✓ don't have to or can't

This week we are learning verb patterns: -ing or "to". Notice: - I enjoy drawing. (enjoy + -ing) - I want to study. (want + to) - She finished working. (finish + -ing) - He decided to apply. (decide + to) → Some verbs take -ing, and some take "to" + verb. → Comment: What do you enjoy doing in your free time?