Making note of prophetic theologies that were created for the "New Testament":
There is no "mark of the beast" in the "Old Testament." If something is taught for the first time in the "New Testament," then what witness are we holding it against? It must be found first in the "old testament."
Revelation 13:16-18 KJV The Mark of the Beast is a copy of the story found in 3 Maccabees.
3 Maccabees 2:28-29 The people were required to be registered, and marked by the ivy-leaf symbol of Dionysus. The Greek system was being required of the Jewish people.