Most of the time, the “unemployment rate” you see in the news (called U-3) only counts people who don’t have a job and are actively looking for one. But that number leaves out a lot of people who are struggling. U-4 adds in discouraged workers who want a job but stopped searching, while U-6 also includes people working part-time who really want full-time work, plus others on the sidelines who would take a job if one came along. In short: U-3 is the official number, U-4 digs a little deeper, and U-6 shows the full picture of how many people don’t have the work they want.