18d • 📘 Weekly Focus
🩺 Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) — SIMPLE SUMMARY
🔹 What PD is
- PD is a way to clean the blood using the belly
- The peritoneum (belly lining) works as a filter
- Special fluid goes in → pulls waste & water → comes out
👉 No machine filtering blood directly.
🔹 How PD works (easy)
- Fluid goes into the belly 🫙
- Waste + extra water move into the fluid 🧪
- Dirty fluid is drained 🚽
Glucose (sugar) in the fluid pulls water out.
🔹 PD solution (what’s inside)
- 🟡 Glucose → pulls fluid
- ⚪ Electrolytes (like blood)
- ❌ NO potassium (so potassium leaves the body)
- 🔄 Buffer (usually lactate)
🔹 Types of PD
- CAPD → manual, daytime exchanges
- APD → machine at night while sleeping 🌙
⚠️ Complications (important)
🚨 Peritonitis (BIG ONE)
- Cloudy fluid ☁️
- Belly pain 🤕
- Fever 🌡️
👉 Cloudy drainage = emergency
⚡ Seizures — can PD cause them?
👉 Not directly
Seizures happen because of:
- Low sodium 🧂⬇️ (MOST common)
- Low calcium
- Uremia (toxins)
- High glucose from PD fluid
📌 Always think: electrolyte problem
❓ Why PD is UNCOMMON
- Patient must be clean & responsible
- High infection risk
- Needs daily work by patient
- Not good for: Poor hygiene Cognitive problems Hernias Prior abdominal surgery
👉 Many patients can’t manage it safely
✅ Why choose PD instead of Hemodialysis (HD)
PD advantages
- 🩸 More stable blood pressure
- ❤️ Better for the heart
- 🏠 Done at home
- 💉 No needles or fistula
- 💧 Preserves kidney function longer
- 🍽️ Less strict diet
Choose PD if patient:
- Is stable
- Has heart failure
- Has poor vascular access
- Wants independence
- Can follow instructions
Choose HD if patient:
- Is unstable
- Poor hygiene
- Can’t self-care
- Repeated infections
🧠 ONE-LINE MEMORY (EXAM GOLD)
Peritoneal dialysis cleans blood using fluid in the abdomen and is chosen for stable patients who want home dialysis with fewer blood pressure changes.
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🩺 Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) — SIMPLE SUMMARY
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