Does dominance of certain microorganisms change season by season and what natural environmental factors make the biggest change?

If I understand correctly, certain soil amendments favour different soil life, would they be any advantage in making a global soil life food? What would it be a mix of and when is the best time to apply it. I did use a fish, blood and bone mix several years ago, which work well , but it's difficult to find and I believe it could overload the system.

What happens directly after spraying compost extract do the microorganisms establish in their new habitat or do most of them die and add to the nutrient soup from the compost and directly feed the plants, or does the extract feed and boost the native biological life?