A queen is the bottleneck in almost every growth plan. You need one for every split, every nuc, and every hive that goes queenless. The question is whether to buy them or raise them yourself. What we charge: Cordovan/Italian queens are $65 regular, $50 on sale. Pickup at the farm in Burleson after mid-April. We do not ship queens. Buying makes sense when: 1. You run a handful of hives and only need a few queens a year. Grafting gear and mating nucs cost more than those queens, and the time you spend learning is time you are not selling honey or watching mites. 2. You need a reliable laying queen on a date. A bought queen is already mated. A cell you raise still has to mate, and weather can wipe a whole batch. 3. You are building nucs for sale and cannot risk a high fail rate on the queens that head them. Raising your own starts to pencil out when you need dozens of queens in a season, not three. Rough cost lines to work through (these are my estimates; price your own suppliers): 1. Grafting tools, cell cups, and a grafting frame. Estimate: under $100 to start small. 2. Mating nucs. You need several small boxes and frames just for mating. Estimate: a few hundred dollars once you get serious. 3. Breeder stock. You either buy a good queen to graft from or keep your best layers. That is a real cost either way. 4. Failures. A share of cells will not take, and a share of virgin queens will not mate. Spread that loss over the queens that do. 5. Your time. Grafting, checking cells, setting mating nucs, and hunting for laying queens. Add those up, divide by the queens you actually get, and compare that number to $50 or $65. If you only need five queens, buying usually wins. If you need fifty for nucs and requeens, raising can pay, but only after you have the skill and the mating yard working. One more angle: even commercial outfits buy queens sometimes. We raise queens and we also sell them. Scale does not mean you never write a check. It means you pick the path that keeps hives productive and customers supplied.